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实行“稻虾共作” 四川内江90后大学生一年收入上百万

作者:尘风发布:2019-11-09 7:43:00阅读:2,064次

实行“稻虾共作” 四川内江90后大学生一年收入上百万

  夏绿秋黄的稻田、铺满杂草的田埂,是他的重要工作场地;从农村走向城市,又从城市返回农村,是他的“运动轨迹”;坚持不懈突破重重困难,一路走向丰收,是他返乡创业的艰辛旅程。

  四川省内江市资中县龙江镇的“90”后大学生黄俊焱,走上返乡创业路后,把龙虾养进了稻田,也把水稻种进了虾塘。如今,他正踏着坚定的步伐,一步一步,向着更高的目标迈进。

  返乡创业遭遇重重困难

  11月1日,黄俊焱和往常一样来到龙江镇白鹤村的龙虾养殖基地,指导工人在虾塘的田埂上除草,查看养殖塘的灌排水情况。

  随后,他转身走进基地旁的工作间,倒了小半桶氨基酸水溶肥,又来到一块养殖塘,将肥料撒到满是水草的池塘里。

  黄俊焱的返乡创业路是从2016年开始的。

  2014年,大学毕业的黄俊焱在广东工作,尽管这份工作和所学机械设计专业对口,但他始终想回家乡发展。

  2015年,黄俊焱的父亲和舅舅在资中县龙江镇联溪村流转了250亩水田开始养殖龙虾,由于缺乏技术,他们走了很多弯路。在此期间,黄俊焱通过网络平台和查阅书籍等学习了一些龙虾养殖知识,希望对父亲和舅舅有所帮助。但是,仅限于理论上的学习以及远程“指导”,对父辈的龙虾养殖事业,几乎是帮不上什么忙的。

  再三思考以及和父亲多次沟通后,黄俊焱决定返乡养虾。2016年7月,他辞掉工作回到家乡,与父亲一起养起了龙虾。没想到的是,在这条路上,他还没施展开拳脚,就遭遇了重重困难。

  “塘子里面很多杂草,龙虾根本没有产量,质量更不行。”黄俊焱说。他父亲和舅舅选择从江苏购买虾苗,由于缺乏经验,不了解长途运输对龙虾的影响,导致龙虾大量死亡,“投进去第二天,就发现龙虾死了将近一半,一桶一桶地捞上来,几乎都是死虾。”

  在养殖过程中,黄俊焱将玉米、豆粕打成粉,作为喂养龙虾的主要饲料,但渐渐地,他又发现了问题。“粉质的饲料不便于龙虾进食,造成了很多浪费,而且还容易影响水质。”后来,黄俊焱多方对比考察,选择了最适合龙虾的绿色饲料。

  黄俊焱清楚地记得,那年七八月份,他们将6米长的地笼放进虾塘里,却只捕到两三只龙虾,大家满怀的希望一下子全部成了失落。黄俊焱告诉记者,父亲和舅舅在流转土地、改造虾塘、购买种苗等方面累计投入了约百万元,加上自己也不懂养殖技术,2016年,他们的收益不足两万元,亏损十分严重。


  稻虾共生扭转亏损局面

  要扭转局面,必须有新的动作。

  黄俊焱开始大量阅读龙虾养殖专业书籍,在网上看视频学习,更在实践中摸索和累积经验。为了让龙虾养殖产业真正走上正轨,2016年12月,黄俊焱带着父亲、舅舅和叔叔到湖北潜江学习考察。

  当地实行的“稻虾共作”生产模式,让黄俊焱一行大开眼界。

  “这种模式既提高了养虾产业的抗风险能力,也提高了土地使用效率,实现了多重收入。”这次考察之旅给了黄俊焱和家人很大的启发,他们即刻思考并着手改变单一的养虾模式为“稻虾共作”模式。

  要把虾塘变成稻田,就必须对原有的虾塘进行重新改造整理。两三个月之后,200余亩的虾塘改造完成。

  2017年,“稻虾共作”模式开始实行。这一年,黄俊焱在创业路上得到了很多机会。4月,黄俊焱成立了资中县盛焱养殖家庭农场,申请到10万元创业贴息贷款,获得1万元返乡创业补助。同年10月,他还参加了资中县水产渔政局举办的水产养殖培训。

  政策的支持给了黄俊焱很大的鼓励,他在摸索中稳步推进。当年,他收获水稻约5000公斤,龙虾产量也比2016年高了不少。

  稻虾产业逐渐走上正轨,黄俊焱累积了许多实战经验,他开始思考扩大规模增加收入。2018年11月左右,黄俊焱在龙江镇白鹤村流转土地150余亩用于“稻虾共作”。

  有了经验,这一次,黄俊焱就比较得心应手了。稻田改造过程中,水田深度、水田和田埂的坡度、田埂的宽度、环沟的深度和宽度等,他都全方位进行了统一设计和规范,灌溉和排水设施也一次性安装到位。同时,为了保证水质清洁,他为每块水田设计了独立灌溉和排水的渠道,避免“串田”影响水质。

  实现稻虾共作,必须掌握好水稻和龙虾的生长周期以及龙虾的养殖密度。

  “夏天是水稻生长的季节,因此重心要放在水稻的管理上,冬春季节的重心是龙虾,尤其是春天,龙虾开始上市,就会比较忙碌。”养了几年之后,黄俊焱已经摸索出了不少门道。他告诉记者,夏季温度过高时,不利于龙虾生长,如果密度过大也容易造成损失,因此,他选择在水稻种植前打捞龙虾出售,并且以出售虾苗为主,既降低了龙虾养殖密度,也降低了龙虾在养殖过程中可能遭遇的风险。

  2018年,黄俊焱一共销售虾苗12000公斤,按照平均每公斤60元的价格计算,仅出售虾苗,他就收入70余万元。

  生态养殖带动群众发展

  在种植和养殖过程中,黄俊焱坚持“生态、绿色”的生产理念。水稻不施用任何农药和化肥,保证了大米质量,也保证了水质不受污染,为龙虾营造了良好的生长环境。

  黄俊焱的生态种养方法得到了当地一个合作社的认可,该合作社主要生产优质大米,也主打绿色生态生产理念,其产品获得了绿色食品认证。该合作社向黄俊焱伸出橄榄枝,经过检测,黄俊焱农场生产的水稻达到了绿色食品的评定标准,双方顺利牵手合作。

  此后,农场生产的水稻不仅有了固定的销售渠道,价格也比以往高了不少。2018年,农场水稻产量逾6万余公斤,实现收入约40万元,凭借虾苗和水稻两项产业,总收入约100万元,实现了真正意义的丰收。而今年,黄俊焱的总收入约为170万元。

  在规模扩大、收入增加的同时,黄俊焱也得到了更多的机会和肯定。今年5月,他作为资中县唯一的代表参加了四川小龙虾养殖技术培训会,并到了湖北荆州、武汉等地考察学习。6月,他的家庭农场被资中县农业农村局评为资中县小龙虾生态养殖示范基地。

  在黄俊焱眼里,除了自身发展,能够带领当地群众一起发展,是他更愿意为之付出努力的事。

  “在农村创业,我得到了村民的支持,所以,我也希望能够大家一起发展。”黄俊焱说,他的家庭农场里,有固定工人4名,在捕虾、插秧等农忙季节,则需要几十名工人同时作业。

  龙江镇月山村15组村民郭绵军今年59岁,是一名贫困户,儿子患有脊髓炎致使身体残疾,无法从事体力劳动,女儿今年刚上大学。郭绵军没有文凭也缺少技术,只能四处打零工为生,艰难地养育着两个子女。

  今年4月,在帮扶人员推荐下,郭绵军在黄俊焱的家庭农场里找到了工作,主要从事除草、喂料以及其他一些临时性劳动,每个月有2400元的收入。“在这里上班,离家也不算远,每个月有固定收入,感觉心头不那么焦愁,生活也有奔头了。”郭绵军说。

  据了解,黄俊焱的家庭农场除了给村民提供就业机会,还带动了部分养殖户。

  黄俊焱告诉记者,在联溪村,有5户村民从前两年开始养虾,养殖面积累计约40亩。“他们在养殖过程中遇到问题,只要找到我,我一定把自己知道的都告诉他们,没什么好隐瞒的。”

  从城市到农村,从单一养虾模式到稻虾共生模式,创业过程中,黄俊焱经历了挫折和困难,也靠着坚持不懈的学习和努力,扭转了局面,走向了成功。

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